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java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTest(classes=...) with your test

src

+--main

+--com

+--demo

+--demo

+--DemoApplication.java (@SpringBootApplication)

+--test

+--com

+--demo

+--demo

+--DemoApplicationTest.java (@SpringBootTest)

+--demo

+--others

+--MyCustomTest.java (@SpringBootTest)

com.ibm.db2.jcc.am.SqlSyntaxErrorException:

[jcc][10145][10844][3.62.123] 유효하지 않은 매개변수 1: 매개변수 인덱스가 범위를 벗어납니다.

ERRORCODE=-4461, SQLSTATE=42815

.../jeus/lib/datasource/

MyClass.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath();

public interface PlatformTransactionManager {

    TransactionStatus getTransaction(

            TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException;

    void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException;

    void rollback(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException;

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd">

    <jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" jndi-name="jdbc/jpetstore"/>

    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager" />

    <!-- other <bean/> definitions here -->

</beans>

non-JTA 트랜잭션 관리자가 사용하는 DataSource 가 자바 EE 컨테이너가 관리하는 JNDI 룩업에 의해 얻어진다면, 이 DataSource 는 트랜잭션과 관련이 없도록 해야한다. 트랜잭션을 관리하는 것은 자바 EE 컨테이너가 아닌 스프링 프레임워크이다.

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

    <property name="mappingResources">

        <list>

            <value>org/springframework/samples/petclinic/hibernate/petclinic.hbm.xml</value>

        </list>

    </property>

    <property name="hibernateProperties">

        <value>

            hibernate.dialect=${hibernate.dialect}

        </value>

    </property>

</bean>

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">

    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>

</bean>

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager"/>

JTA 를 사용한다면 데이터 접근에 JDBC, 하이버네이트, JPA 또는 다른 어떤 기술을 사용하든 트랜잭션 매니저 정의는 같아야 한다. JTA 트랜잭션은 어떠한 트랜잭션 관련 자원이든 요청할 수 있는 글로벌 트랜잭션이기 때문이다.

Connection conn = DataSourceUtils.getConnection(dataSource);

// the service interface that we want to make transactional

package x.y.service;

public interface FooService {

    Foo getFoo(String fooName);

    Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName);

    void insertFoo(Foo foo);

    void updateFoo(Foo foo);

}

// an implementation of the above interface

package x.y.service;

public class DefaultFooService implements FooService {

    public Foo getFoo(String fooName) {

        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();

    }

    public Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName) {

        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();

    }

    public void insertFoo(Foo foo) {

        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();

    }

    public void updateFoo(Foo foo) {

        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();

    }

}

<!-- from the file 'context.xml' -->

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!-- this is the service object that we want to make transactional -->

    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>

    <!-- the transactional advice (what 'happens'; see the <aop:advisor/> bean below) -->

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">

        <!-- the transactional semantics... -->

        <tx:attributes>

            <!-- all methods starting with 'get' are read-only -->

            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>

            <!-- other methods use the default transaction settings (see below) -->

            <tx:method name="*"/>

        </tx:attributes>

    </tx:advice>

    <!-- ensure that the above transactional advice runs for any execution

        of an operation defined by the FooService interface -->

    <aop:config>

        <aop:pointcut id="fooServiceOperation" expression="execution(* x.y.service.FooService.*(..))"/>

        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="fooServiceOperation"/>

    </aop:config>

    <!-- don't forget the DataSource -->

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>

        <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@rj-t42:1521:elvis"/>

        <property name="username" value="scott"/>

        <property name="password" value="tiger"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- similarly, don't forget the PlatformTransactionManager -->

    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- other <bean/> definitions here -->

</beans>

PlatformTransactionManager 빈의 이름이 transactionManager 라면 <tx:advice/> 의 transaction-manager 속성 설정을 생략할 수 있다. PlatformTransactionManager 빈이 다른 이름을 가질 경우 예제와 같이 transaction-manager 속성을 반드시 설정해야 한다.

<aop:config>

    <aop:pointcut id="fooServiceMethods" expression="execution(* x.y.service.*.*(..))"/>

    <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="fooServiceMethods"/>

</aop:config>

public final class Boot {

    public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {

        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("context.xml", Boot.class);

        FooService fooService = (FooService) ctx.getBean("fooService");

        fooService.insertFoo (new Foo());

    }

}

<!-- the Spring container is starting up... -->

[AspectJInvocationContextExposingAdvisorAutoProxyCreator] - Creating implicit proxy for bean 'fooService' with 0 common interceptors and 1 specific interceptors

<!-- the DefaultFooService is actually proxied -->

[JdkDynamicAopProxy] - Creating JDK dynamic proxy for [x.y.service.DefaultFooService]

<!-- ... the insertFoo(..) method is now being invoked on the proxy -->

[TransactionInterceptor] - Getting transaction for x.y.service.FooService.insertFoo

<!-- the transactional advice kicks in here... -->

[DataSourceTransactionManager] - Creating new transaction with name [x.y.service.FooService.insertFoo]

[DataSourceTransactionManager] - Acquired Connection [org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnection@a53de4] for JDBC transaction

<!-- the insertFoo(..) method from DefaultFooService throws an exception... -->

[RuleBasedTransactionAttribute] - Applying rules to determine whether transaction should rollback on java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException

[TransactionInterceptor] - Invoking rollback for transaction on x.y.service.FooService.insertFoo due to throwable [java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException]

<!-- and the transaction is rolled back (by default, RuntimeException instances cause rollback) -->

[DataSourceTransactionManager] - Rolling back JDBC transaction on Connection [org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnection@a53de4]

[DataSourceTransactionManager] - Releasing JDBC Connection after transaction

[DataSourceUtils] - Returning JDBC Connection to DataSource

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException at x.y.service.DefaultFooService.insertFoo(DefaultFooService.java:14)

<!-- AOP infrastructure stack trace elements removed for clarity -->

at $Proxy0.insertFoo(Unknown Source)

at Boot.main(Boot.java:11)

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">

    <tx:attributes>

    <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" rollback-for="NoProductInStockException"/>

    <tx:method name="*"/>

    </tx:attributes>

</tx:advice>

<tx:advice id="txAdvice">

    <tx:attributes>

    <tx:method name="updateStock" no-rollback-for="InstrumentNotFoundException"/>

    <tx:method name="*"/>

    </tx:attributes>

</tx:advice>

public void resolvePosition() {

    try {

        // some business logic...

    } catch (NoProductInStockException ex) {

        // trigger rollback programmatically

        TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();

    }

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <aop:config>

        <aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation"

                expression="execution(* x.y.service..*Service.*(..))"/>

        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" advice-ref="txAdvice"/>

    </aop:config>

    <!-- these two beans will be transactional... -->

    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>

    <bean id="barService" class="x.y.service.extras.SimpleBarService"/>

    <!-- ... and these two beans won't -->

    <bean id="anotherService" class="org.xyz.SomeService"/> <!-- (not in the right package) -->

    <bean id="barManager" class="x.y.service.SimpleBarManager"/> <!-- (doesn't end in 'Service') -->

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice">

        <tx:attributes>

            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>

            <tx:method name="*"/>

        </tx:attributes>

    </tx:advice>

    <!-- other transaction infrastructure beans such as a PlatformTransactionManager omitted... -->

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <aop:config>

        <aop:pointcut id="defaultServiceOperation"

                expression="execution(* x.y.service.*Service.*(..))"/>

        <aop:pointcut id="noTxServiceOperation"

                expression="execution(* x.y.service.ddl.DefaultDdlManager.*(..))"/>

        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="defaultServiceOperation" advice-ref="defaultTxAdvice"/>

        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="noTxServiceOperation" advice-ref="noTxAdvice"/>

    </aop:config>

    <!-- this bean will be transactional (see the 'defaultServiceOperation' pointcut) -->

    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>

    <!-- this bean will also be transactional, but with totally different transactional settings -->

    <bean id="anotherFooService" class="x.y.service.ddl.DefaultDdlManager"/>

    <tx:advice id="defaultTxAdvice">

        <tx:attributes>

            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>

            <tx:method name="*"/>

        </tx:attributes>

    </tx:advice>

    <tx:advice id="noTxAdvice">

        <tx:attributes>

            <tx:method name="*" propagation="NEVER"/>

        </tx:attributes>

    </tx:advice>

    <!-- other transaction infrastructure beans such as a PlatformTransactionManager omitted... -->

</beans>

// the service class that we want to make transactional

@Transactional

public class DefaultFooService implements FooService {

    Foo getFoo(String fooName);

    Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName);

    void insertFoo(Foo foo);

    void updateFoo(Foo foo);

}

<!-- from the file 'context.xml' -->

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!-- this is the service object that we want to make transactional -->

    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>

    <!-- enable the configuration of transactional behavior based on annotations -->

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/><!-- a PlatformTransactionManager is still required -->

    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

        <!-- (this dependency is defined somewhere else) -->

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- other <bean/> definitions here -->

</beans>

<tx:annotation-driven/> 태그의 transaction-manager 속성도 PlatformTransactionManager 빈의 이름이 transactionManager 인 경우에 생략될 수 있다. 

자바 기반 설정을 사용한다면 @EnableTransactionManagement 어노테이션을 사용해서 동일한 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 간단히 이 어노테이션을 @Configuration 클래스에 추가하면 된다. 

메서드 가시성과 @Transactional

프록시를 사용할 때, @Transactional 어노테이션은 반드시 public 메서드에 적용되어야 한다. protected, private, package-visible 메서드에 @Transactional 어노테이션이 추가되면 에러가 발생하지는 않지만 해당 메서드에 트랜잭션 설정이 적용되지 않는다. non-public 메서드에 어노테이션을 적용하고 싶다면 어스팩트J 사용을 고려하라.

@Transactional 어노테이션은 구체화된 클래스 (그리고 구체화된 클래스의 메서드) 에 적용할 것을 권한다. 인터페이스나 인터페이스의 메서드에 적용하는 것도 가능하긴 하지만, 이 때는 인터페이스 기반 프록시에서만 유효한 트랜잭션 설정이 된다. 자바 어노테이션은 인터페이스로부터 상속되지 않는다는 사실은, 클래스 기반 프록시 (proxy-target-class="true") 나 위빙 기반 어스팩트 (mode="aspectj") 를 사용할 경우 프록싱과 위빙 인프라가 트랜잭션 설정을 인식할 수 없다는 것을 의미하고, 객체는 트랜잭션 프록시로 래핑되지 않게 된다. 확실히 좋은 설정이 아니다.

기본 프록시 모드에서는 외부로부터의 프록시를 통한 메서드 호출만이 인터셉트된다. 한 객체의 메서드에서 같은 객체 (자신) 의 다른 메서드를 호출할 경우, 이 메서드에 @Transactional 어노테이션이 적용되어 있다 할지라도 실제 트랜잭션 처리는 적용되지 않는다. 또한 프록시가 원하는 대로 작동하기 위해서는 반드시 완전한 초기화가 이루어져야 하므로 초기화 코드 (@PostConstructor) 에 이 기능을 사용하지 않아야 한다.

@EnableTransactionManagement 와 <tx:annotation-driven/> 은 정의되어 있는 어플리케이션 컨텍스트 안에서 빈의 @Transactional 을 찾는다. 이 설정을 DispatcherServlet 에 대한 WebApplicationContext 에 적용한다면 서비스가 아닌 컨트롤러 안의 빈만을 찾는다.

@Transactional(readOnly = true)

public class DefaultFooService implements FooService {

    public Foo getFoo(String fooName) {

        // do something

    }

    // these settings have precedence for this method

    @Transactional(readOnly = false, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW)

    public void updateFoo(Foo foo) {

        // do something

    }

}

public class TransactionalService {

    @Transactional("order")

    public void setSomething(String name) { ... }

    @Transactional("account")

    public void doSomething() { ... }

}

<tx:annotation-driven/>

    <bean id="transactionManager1" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

        ...

        <qualifier value="order"/>

    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionManager2" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

        ...

        <qualifier value="account"/>

    </bean>

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

@Transactional("order")

public @interface OrderTx {

}

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

@Transactional("account")

public @interface AccountTx {

}

public class TransactionalService {

    @OrderTx

    public void setSomething(String name) { ... }

    @AccountTx

    public void doSomething() { ... }

}

이 챕터에서는 AOP 의 자세한 설명을 고려하지 않았다. AOP 설정에 대한 자세한 정보는 AOP 챕터를 참조하기 바란다. 

package x.y;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;

import org.springframework.util.StopWatch;

import org.springframework.core.Ordered;

public class SimpleProfiler implements Ordered {

    private int order;

    // allows us to control the ordering of advice

    public int getOrder() {

        return this.order;

    }

    public void setOrder(int order) {

        this.order = order;

    }

    // this method is the around advice

    public Object profile(ProceedingJoinPoint call) throws Throwable {

        Object returnValue;

        StopWatch clock = new StopWatch(getClass().getName());

        try {

            clock.start(call.toShortString());

            returnValue = call.proceed();

        } finally {

            clock.stop();

            System.out.println(clock.prettyPrint());

        }

        return returnValue;

    }

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService"/>

    <!-- this is the aspect -->

    <bean id="profiler" class="x.y.SimpleProfiler">

        <!-- execute before the transactional advice (hence the lower order number) -->

        <property name="order" __value="1"__/>

    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" __order="200"__/>

    <aop:config>

            <!-- this advice will execute around the transactional advice -->

            <aop:aspect id="profilingAspect" ref="profiler">

                <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethodWithReturnValue"

                        expression="execution(!void x.y..*Service.*(..))"/>

                <aop:around method="profile" pointcut-ref="serviceMethodWithReturnValue"/>

            </aop:aspect>

    </aop:config>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>

        <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@rj-t42:1521:elvis"/>

        <property name="username" value="scott"/>

        <property name="password" value="tiger"/>

    </bean>

    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

    </bean>

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">